Leptospirosis FAQs
Dr. Daniel Hebert
Duxbury Animal Hospital
What is leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that's very common in our area. We vaccinate for it as a core vaccine. It lives in wet environments like wet soil or puddles and can enter through little cuts and scrapes in the feet. The bacteria has a high affinity for iron, a component of blood, and it targets the liver and kidneys.
Why do some breeders advise against leptospirosis vaccination?
Some breeders advise against it because of historical issues with the vaccine. About 30 years ago, a vaccine was pulled from the market for causing severe allergic reactions. However, this was due to a production problem. New vaccines have been available for about 25 years and are very safe.
How does leptospirosis infect dogs?
Leptospirosis infects dogs through small cuts and scrapes in their paws. The bacteria then targets the liver and kidneys. It can cause significant damage as the body tries to clear the infection, often necessitating expensive treatments like ICU care and dialysis.
What is the history of leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis played a role in the colonization history of the Duxbury and Plymouth areas. Rats carrying leptospirosis from colonizing ships infected local wildlife and Native American populations. This led to a significant decline in the Native American population, which facilitated the establishment of these colonies.
Are the new vaccines effective?
Yes, the new vaccines target the four most common types of leptospirosis affecting dogs and are extremely effective, with efficacy rates between 92% and 97%. Outbreaks do occur when vaccination rates drop, as evidenced by a recent outbreak in Santa Monica where unvaccinated dogs became very sick.
Why is lepto vaccination considered a core vaccine?
Given the high prevalence of leptospirosis in wild animals and the severe consequences of infection, lepto vaccination is considered a core vaccine. The cost and risk to dogs make it a crucial preventive measure.
If you have any other questions, please give us a call at (781) 737-7820. You can also email us at info@duxburyanimalhospital.com and we will get back to you as soon as we are able. Don't forget to follow us on social media: Facebook and Instagram